Circumnavigation and Coetzee’s Foe.

One mild summer in the late eighties, with limited resources and no compelling responsibilities, I set out to circumnavigate the 11,073 miles or about 17,820 kilometres that make up the coastline of Great Britain.

At the time my only foray outside of London and the south of the country had been on an aeroplane diverted to Birmingham airport due to fog at Heathrow. The single thrill of this inconvenience took place on the return train to London, en-route to boarding school, when my train passed through the small town of Leighton Buzzard. One of my favourite songs from a few years earlier had been Saturday Night (Beneath the Plastic Palm Trees)  sung by The Leyton Buzzards, who went on to greater renown as the pop group Modern Romance.

Provoked by a desire to see the country of my birth I walked a little, but mostly hitchhiked, following the coastal roads. This odyssey became the prototype of similar journeys from north to south, then east to west in Ireland, and across the top of North Africa.

On this trip around Great Britain I slept mostly in small harbour side inns, always with a sea view of sorts, but occasionally in bus stops, or sheltered by seaside groynes and, on one occasion, on a park bench. A touch clichéd, but I felt a wanderer’s imperative.

I discovered many things about the country and myself: Gregg’s bakeries sell different delicacies country-wide, discovering these regional specialities became a mission; people who picked me up from the side of the road for both long and short runs were mostly staggeringly kind and generous; it was rare to even see a car (and very, very windy), let alone hitch a lift on the eastern and northern coastal roads of Scotland. What I found in eastern Scotland, perhaps the highlight of a trip that was terrific and terrible in equal part, was the wind lashed village of Lower Largo, birthplace of Alexander Selkirk, the inspiration for Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe.

Statue of Alexander Selkirk in Lower Largo.

Statue of Alexander Selkirk in Lower Largo.

This afternoon I finished reading JM Coetzee’s Foe, which uses Defoe’s book as the metatextual framework to explore the ontological status of fictional characters, the nature of authority and language, all themes that Coetzee goes on to question in later novels. As always with Coetzee, as with Beckett, it is as though the writer published fully formed mature novels from the first instance. There is no sense of the writer having to develop their craft in full gaze of readers, as Zadie Smith has described.

A Stranger’s Embrace

Quote

The Smile (1978) - Geta Bratescu

The Smile (1978) – Geta Bratescu

We yield to a stranger’s embrace or give ourselves to the waves; for the blink of an eyelid our vigilance relaxes; we are asleep; and when we awake, we have lost the direction of our lives. What are these blinks of an eyelid, against which the only defence is an eternal and inhuman wakefulness? Might they not be the cracks and chinks through which another voice, other voices, speak in our lives? By what right do we close our ears to them?

JM Coetzee
Foe

David Shields’ How literature saved my life

It’s been two, maybe three years, since I read David Shields’ manifesto Reality Hunger, and I’ve often wondered about my response to that book. It was uncharacteristic in a way I find interesting. While reading Reality Hunger I disliked the form, not quite knowing which material was borrowed and which was Shield’s own (while enjoying the reasons he adopted that form). I broadly agreed with the argument, neither original nor particularly well made, that plot-driven narrative fiction has become a stale and nugatory vehicle. Shield’s paean to the essay was less persuasive. Since reading Reality Hunger it has served as an irritant similar to grit in the soft part of an oyster. Hankering for more insight into Shield’s consciousness, I sought out The Thing About Life Is That One Day You’ll Be Dead.

So, it was with curiosity I read his latest How literature saved my life, essentially making the same point as Reality Hunger but serving as literary memoir and continued observation about art and death. As memoir, Shields’ personality is explicitly present on every page and it struck me that, in this and his earlier books, it is his personality that I respond most strongly to. It is the same sensation  I get from reading Geoff Dyer and Kate Zambreno. Literary flair aside, and there is plenty of that in all three writers, they pass the pub test. I can conjure up wonderful winter evenings spent in a good pub with Shields, Dyer or Zambreno, preferably all three, discussing art, literature, death, and generally, for a time, lessening the loneliness inherent in life. Though I prize their literary work, I cannot imagine a similar evening in the company of JM Coetzee or Susan Sontag. I suspect it is also why all three writers encourage such polarised opinion, in part a personal response to how warmly or coolly readers respond to their personalities.

From How literature saved my life, an excerpt that could easily serve as my personal literary manifesto. Perhaps in Shieldian fashion I should borrow it as my own.

How an awful lot of “literature’ is to me the very antithesis of life

We live in a culture that is completely mediated and artificial, rendering us (me, anyway; you, too?) exceedingly distracted, bored, and numb. Straight-forward fiction functions as more Bubble Wrap, nostalgia, retreat. Why is the traditional novel c.2013 no longer germane (and the postmodern novel shroud upon shroud)? Most novels’ glacial pace isn’t remotely congruent with the speed of our lives and our consciousness of these lives. Most novels’ explorations of human behaviour still owe far more to Freudian psychology than they do to cognitive science and DNA. Most novels treat setting as if where people live matters as much to us as it did to Balzac, Most novels frame their key moments as a series of filmable moments straight out of Hitchcock. And above all, the tidy coherence of most novels-highly praised ones in particular-implies a belief in an orchestrating deity, or at least a purposeful meaning to existence that the author is unlikely to possess, and belies the chaos and entropy that surround and inhabit and overwhelm us. I want work that, possessing as thin a membrane as possible between life and art, foreground the question of how the writer solves being alive. Samuel Johnson: A book should either allow us to escape existence of teach us how to endure it. Acutely aware of our mortal conduction, I find books that simple allow us to escape our existence a staggering waste of time (literature matters so much to me I can hardly stand it.)

Links of the Week

Many of these links have been tweeted in the past, but here I can tag and categorise them for future reference. I hope you find some of them interesting too. Please feel free to discuss in comments or on Twitter.

Still not available on Lovefilm, but I am so very eager to watch Tom and Viv, which highly questionably “pins the Eliots’ train wreck of a marriage almost entirely on Viv’s hormones and drug use”.

Spotlight on Jane Bowles’ Plain Pleasures (1966): outstanding post on writer Dennis Cooper’s blog – “her small oeuvre is distinguished by its quality and innovation.”

Yet another wonderful Paris Review interview, this time with Egyptian writer Naguib Mahfouz.

Close-Up on Eric Rohmer’s The Green Ray: An interview with French actress and filmmaker Marie Rivière.

The Most Beautiful Perhaps - review of Quentin Meillassoux’s The Number and the Siren: A Decipherment of Mallarmé’s Coup De Dés.

From Monoskop, a download of Sherry Turkle’s highly absorbing Evocative Objects: Things We Think With, an old favourite.

From Michelle, one of my favourite reviewers, a review of Doris Lessing’s The Fifth Child.

A wonderful, informative post about American poet Tina Darragh.

I’m looking forward to Simon Critchley’s new book, co-authored with his wife, the psychoanalyst Jamieson Webster, The Hamlet Doctrine. This brilliant interview from The White Review discusses The Tragic and its Limits.

From HTMLGiant, Pier Paolo Pasolini’s great essay on the long take.

Katie Roiphe’s column on Ian McEwan is arguably better than reading her subject’s novels. “Want To Understand Sexual Politics? Read This Novel. Ian McEwan’s Sweet Tooth reveals the deepest ways in which men misunderstand women.”

Open Culture offers up Nirvana’s Home Videos: An Intimate Look at the Band’s Life Away From the Spotlight.

Richard Kovitch’s review of Extreme Metaphors – Interviews with J.G Ballard 1967 – 2008. Richard quotes Germaine Greer’s so very accurate pronouncement that, “JG Ballard is a great writer who has never written a great novel.”

How about going on a chronological journey through every Woody Allen film?

A short story: The Confessions of Helen Westley by Djuna Barnes.

JM Coetzee: Life and Times of Michael K

Simon Norfolk

Simon Norfolk

This Coetzee novel, though far from a favourite, stimulates the same thought inspired by reading Beckett and Dante: perhaps I should read only this, only Coetzee, or only Beckett. To read one writer’s oeuvre so deeply, sentence by sentence, that it becomes engrained.

Though I relished most of Life and Times of Michael K, I was impervious to the second part, narrated by a medical officer that attempts to restore Michael K to health. In this section, though the allusion is subtle, Coetzee drifts into a spiritual journey allegory, adopting a messiah/simpleton analogy.

Michaels, forgive me for the way I treated you, I did not appreciate who you were till the last days. Forgive me too for following you like this. I promise not to be a burden.

It is impossible to ignore the symmetry  between Michael K and Kafka’s Josef K. Coetzee’s fiction often reveals Kafka’s presence in the shadows, but perhaps more overtly in Life and Times of Michael K with its idiot savant motif.

JM Coetzee’s Waiting for the Barbarians

To read Coetzee’s fiction is to undertake a journey, a passage, with the consequent necessity of recuperation when the passage is completed. Waiting for the Barbarians offers a passage to an undesignated time and place, a frontier town, one of many established to secure a heartland from barbarians. The mise-en-scène offers clues to both place and period (lances, fusils, desert and marshland) but these are unimportant. This is a novel that describes a number of binary oppositions, which turn out not to be genuine choices.

Sharing, at the beginning at least, a mood of detachment similar in texture to Kafka’s In The Penal Colony, the central protagonist is unnamed, referred to simply as The Magistrate. Just three of the novel’s many characters are named: the menacing Colonel Joll from the Third Bureau ( I am intrigued that ‘jol’ is South African slang meaning to have fun, to party, which Coetzee was probably aware of in choosing this surname), his vicious sidekick Mandel, and, singly, Mai, a mother that The Magistrate turns to, briefly, for intercourse. By naming just the opposite poles of violence and intimacy Coetzee foregrounds this as a didactic fable with its roots in Kafka.

It is of course essential to read Waiting for the Barbarians as a critique of two distinct forms of colonialism, the benign but amoral form identified with the Magistrate, the last just man, and the unreserved despotism of the Third Bureau and Empire as represented by Joll. Finally, as in Cavafy’s poem, the barbarians never come, thus leaving the reader to ask if they existed, and whether the truly barbaric were within the fortress all along. A Baudrillardian reading through a filter of American barbarism in the Middle East would be rewarding but perhaps for another time.

Links of the Week

Many of these links have been tweeted in the past, but here I can tag and categorise them for future reference. I hope you find some of them interesting too. Please feel free to discuss in comments or on Twitter.

The unshackled cultivation of Rimbaud

Unsettling collection of photos of life in a 1938 psychiatric hospital

“Ridiculously beautiful locations are tough…”

The Paris massacre that time forgot, 51 years on

The TLS try to classify the ‘unclassifiable’ Clarice Lispector

Guy Debord’s letters (1957-60)

English translations of all 12 journals of the Situationists

Collection of photos of the uprising and general strike in May 68 in France

“Katie Kitamura has earned comparison to great writers like Nadine Gordimer and Herta Müller.”

Melville House is republishing Mary Maclane’s ‘I Await the Devil’s Coming’

Surrealism and the Literary Imagination: A Study of Breton and Bachelard

AM Homes is a ‘social arsonist’ (as opposed to an anti-social arsonist?)

Simon Critchley – 8 part series on Martin Heidegger & Being and Time

“if I can’t have womb tanks I don’t want your revolution.”

Read the first chapter of César Aira’s new novel, The Miracle Cures of Dr. Aira

Unreasonable Cravings and False Promises

Quote

Desire seemed to bring with it a pathos of distance and separation which was futile to deny. Nor could I always see why one part of my body, with its unreasonable cravings and false promises, should be heeded over any other as a channel of desire. Sometimes my sex seemed to me another being entirely, a stupid animal living parasitically upon me, swelling and dwindling according to autonomous appetites, anchored to my flesh with claws I could not detach. Why do I have to carry you about from woman to woman, I asked: simply because you were born without legs? Would it make a difference to you if you were rooted in a cat or a dog instead if me?

JM Coetzee
Waiting for the Barbarians

Links of the Week

Welcome to a new regular post featuring links to subjects I find interesting. Many of these have been tweeted in the past, but here I can tag and categorise them for future reference. I hope you find some of them interesting too. Please feel free to discuss in comments or on Twitter.

Issue 4 of The White Review introduced me to the work of Brian Dillon. After reading about his books I bought Sanctuary from Sternberg PressI’ve picked it up a couple of times but its dense, small text has so far deterred me from reading further.

Brian Dillon’s compelling review of Ben Marcus’s The Flame Alphabet, another book I’ve bought but have yet to read beyond an initial once over.

What looks like the whole of Witold Gombrowicz’s A Guide to Philosophy in Six Hours and Fifteen Minutes. These seem to be notes for a lecture, written in shorthand, and only of scanning interest unless you’ve a deep grounding in philosophy.

What is realism? A riff on a theme referring to one of my favourite writers, JM Coetzee, and some recurring idées fixes.

Strangely beautiful, and poetic: the first thousand numbers classified in alphabetical order. [PDF]

Interview with Belgian-born Jean-Philippe Toussaint.

Katie Paterson’s sound recordings from three glaciers in Iceland.

literalab post: Two restored masterpieces of Wojciech Has, including an adaptation of Bruno Schulz’s Sanatorium Under the Sign of the Hourglass.

Lapham’s Quarterly post about thesauri or, if that is an archaism, thesauruses.

The Mookse and the Gripes interview with Margaret B. Carson, translator of Sergio Chejfec’s My Two Worlds.

The Believer interview with Richard Powers, an oddly underrated writer. I’ve read all but his latest novel and enjoy his work immensely.

biblioklept post: Tolstoy’s dismissal of Shakespeare and Orwell’s rebuttal to Tolstoy.

JM Coetzee’s In the Heart of the Country

Gerhard Richter: Girl’s Head (1965)

In the last stanza of Auden’s well known September 1, 1939 the speaker declares that he is composed “of Eros and of dust”. Coetzee’s In the Heart of the Country is suffused with the same Eros and dust. The story is narrated by Magda, “farmyard spinster, wrapped in the embrace of [her] furies”. The furies that pursue Magda are primal, sexual desire and a drive toward negation.

Magda reflects, “I have not lived, the joy and willingness of an unused body now dusty, dry, unsavoury.” It is the same pervasive dust that encrusts the house in the desert, her father after a day’s work, the servants as they return from a journey. In a dusty abandoned schoolhouse, she speculates whether beneath an old school bench she might find her father’s initials “beneath the dust [..] hacked into the wood with a penknife”. In despair, she wonders of her father, “Must I carve out my beseechings with a knife on your flesh? Do you think you can die before you have said Yes to me?”

Narrated through Magda’s internal monologue, a ‘spinster’s flights of imagination,’ all is interiority and any distinction between imagination and reality have been effaced. There is no certainty whether the acts of rape, assault and murder occur or are Magda’s psychological projections. At one point, Hendrik, a servant is told to batter down the “one door that, as far back in time as I can remember, has always stood locked. “What do you keep in the locked room? I used to ask my father. There is nothing in it, he used to reply”. As the dust in the room clears Magda, dull, pallid “jagged virgin” observes “The bed is neatly made up. I pat it and dust rises from the grey pillows, the grey sheets. Everywhere are cobwebs. They have made a room without a window, I say to Hendrik”. The same servant, later, ostensibly, beats and rapes Magda.

There is not a misplaced sentence in this risky novel, which could have failed in so many ways. It is arguably flawless and immensely powerful.